In 2020, the total all-in sustaining costs per Pt. eq. oz in ZAR terms decreased by 10.1%. The total all-in sustaining costs per Pt. eq. oz in USD terms decreased by 21.3%, year-on-year, as the average Rand weakened significantly year-on-year. The decrease in equivalent costs is mainly due to increase in 4E byproduct prices rather than lower operating costs. The ZAR denominated all-in sustaining costs per milled tonne increased by 25.3% year-on-year. The USD denominated all-in sustaining costs per milled tonne increased by 9.7% year-on-year.